In his Dictionary, Dr. Johnson gives us seventeen definitions of a seemingly simple monosyllable: grace. The first is “favour; kindness,” a usage I sense is lapsing. Next, “favourable influence of God on the human mind” – current but fading, perhaps. Then, “virtue; effect of God’s influence” – the same. Virtue is having a rough time of it, as is its origin. On to the eleventh definition: “embellishment; recommendation; beauty.” Here is Johnson’s citation to illustrate that usage:
“Set all
things in their own peculiar place,
And know
that Order is the greatest Grace.”
This is John
Dryden translating lines from Horace’s Ars
Poetica in his translation of De arte
Graphica (1668) by the French writer and painter Charles du Fresnoy. The wisdom is pleasing as applied to literature and it reminded me of Swift’s
observation in his “Letter to a Young Clergyman” (1720): “Proper words in
proper places, make the true definition of a style.” In other words, orderliness and grace. He adds:
“[P]rofessors
in most arts and sciences are generally the worst qualified to explain their
meanings to those who are not of their tribe: a common farmer shall make you
understand in three words, that his foot is out of joint, or his collar-bone
broken, wherein a surgeon, after a hundred terms of art, if you are not a scholar,
shall leave you to seek. It is frequently the same case in law, physic, and
even many of the meaner arts.”
“Order is
the greatest Grace” likewise applies to social life, which increasingly disdains those virtues. My admiration for Dryden is growing. After
Shakespeare and Milton, he is the writer most often cited by Johnson in his Dictionary. I’m reading him again after discovering
a poem by the Australian writer John McAuley, “A Letter To John Dryden,” which
closes:
“It’s true,
dear John, I envy other days
When poets
had a public, and the bays
Were fresh
and green on many a famous brow:
But there’s
good writing to be done even now.
For praise,
the cordial word of some few score
Contents me,
for I dare not hope for more.
And if, as
other times and moods come on,
My verse
must fall into oblivion,
I don't
suppose I'll care when I am gone.”
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